Article by Language Atelier, a language school in Prague.

Whether you’ve just started to learn Czech or you have already an intermediate level, there might be some little pieces of information about this language that you don’t know.

Although it’s a bit difficult, there are some aspects of the Czech language that are really fascinating.

Czech used to have more pairs of letters to express sounds.

During the Middle Ages, European peoples began to use their languages also in written communication, taking as a starting point the traditions of classical writing: Latin in Western Europe, Greek in the East. However, an alphabet, that is suitable for one language, will not necessarily be suitable for another. Each language has its peculiar sounds and this also applies to Czech.

The Czech language tried various solutions to express its sounds, such as the use of the Glagolitic alphabet or pairs of letters, but the best choice was made by Jan Hus in the 15^th century. In his task of rationalizing the Czech spelling system, he chose to insert special diacritical symbols.

This system is now followed by four other Slavic languages (Slovak, Slovenian, Serbo-Croatian, and Sorbian) and by two Baltic languages (Latvian and Lithuanian); in addition, it is used by linguists for the scientific transcription of the Cyrillic alphabet.

The Czech language almost disappeared in the 17th century.

In the 17th century, the German-speaking Habsburgs ruled Bohemia (which is now the Czech Republic). The Habsburgs forced the people of Bohemia to speak German in public. Everyone from the intellectual class down to the peasants was required to comply with restrictive language laws.

However, there was an ancient tradition of puppetry in Bohemia. Woodcarvers made amazingly detailed marionettes – and the marionettes were allowed to “speak” Czech in their public performances.

A word that you didn’t know that was a loanword and a word that should be one.

The most famous loanword imported from Czech is the word “robot”, a term coined by Karel Čapek in 1920 based on the word used to say “slave”.

A really interesting word that should be an international loan is “ptydepe”: it means “incomprehensible bureaucratic jargon, or newspeak intending to hide its true meaning”. It was coined by the playwright and future president of the republic Václav Havel.

Czech is the only officially recognized language to use ř.

The letter ř is almost unique to the Czech language – the only other languages that use it are in the related Upper Sorbian language of Germany and a few isolated dialects of Norwegian.

Czech and Croatian are the only languages not to use a variation of the indigenous Australian word for kangaroo.

In languages around the world, the word for “kangaroo” has a common origin: gangurru, which is what the Aboriginal Guugu Yimithirr people call the creatures in their language.

It’s kangourou in French, känguru in German, 캥거루 (kaeng-geolu) in Korean, but it’s klokan in Czech and Croatian. During the Czech National Revival in the 19th century, language reformers added new Czech words to express modern scientific and philosophical concepts. Their reforms included creating a word for kangaroo, which Croatian speakers also adopted.